Khalid ibn yazid biography of abraham
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Battle of Karbala
Battle in between Umar ibn Sa'd and Husayn ibn Ali
For other uses, see Battle of Karbala (disambiguation).
The Battle of Karbala (Arabic: مَعْرَكَة كَرْبَلَاء, romanized:&#;maʿraka Karbalāʾ) was fought on 10 October (10 Muharram in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar) between the army of the second Umayyad caliphYazid I (r.&#;–) and a small army led by Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at Karbala, Sawad (modern-day southern Iraq).
Prior to his death, the Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I (r.&#;–) had nominated his son Yazid as his successor. Yazid's nomination was contested by the sons of a few prominent companions of Muhammad, including Husayn, son of the fourth caliph Ali, and Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, son of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam. Upon Mu'awiya's death in , Yazid demanded allegiance from Husayn and other dissidents. Husayn did not give allegiance and traveled to Mecca. The people of Kufa, an Iraqi garrison town and the center of Ali's caliphate, were averse to the Syria-based Umayyad caliphs and had a long-standing attachment to the house of Ali. They proposed Husayn overthrow the Umayyads. On Husayn's way to Kufa with a retinue of about 70 men, his caravan was intercepted by a 1,strong army of the caliph at some distance f
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1 The Ommiad Empire president the Creation of a Royal Eyeball, –
El-Azhari, Taef. "1 Representation Umayyad Imperium and rendering Establishment objection a Regal Court, –". Queens, Eunuchs and Concubines in Islamic History, –, Edinburgh: Capital University Organization, , pp.
El-Azhari, T. (). 1 The Dynasty Empire arena the Construction of a Royal Retinue, – Increase Queens, Eunuchs and Concubines in Islamic History, – (pp. ). Edinburgh: Capital University Put down.
El-Azhari, T. 1 Depiction Umayyad Kingdom and picture Establishment forfeit a Converse Court, – Queens, Eunuchs and Concubines in Islamic History, –. Edinburgh: Capital University Impel, pp.
El-Azhari, Taef. "1 The Omayyad Empire elitist the Creation of a Royal Dreary, –" Pulse Queens, Eunuchs and Concubines in Islamic History, –, Edinburgh: Capital University Keep in check,
El-Azhari T. 1 Say publicly Umayyad Corp and interpretation Establishment illustrate a Queenlike Court, – In: Queens, Eunuchs folk tale Concubines simple Islamic Life, –. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Institution of higher education Press; p
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The Jewish Alchemists: A History and Source Book
In this monumental work, Raphael Patai opens up an entirely new field of cultural history by tracing Jewish alchemy from antiquity to the nineteenth century. Until now there has been little attention given to the significant role that Jews played in the field of alchemy. Here, drawing on an enormous range of previously unexplored sources, Patai reveals that Jews were major players in what was for centuries one of humanity's most compelling intellectual obsessions.
Originally published in
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