Academica author biography in the backus

Formalism to describe programming languages

Not to be confused with Boyce–Codd normal form.

In computer science, Backus–Naur form (BNF; ; Backus normal form) is a notation used to describe the syntax of programming languages or other formal languages. It was developed by John Backus and Peter Naur. BNF can be described as a metasyntax notation for context-free grammars. Backus–Naur form is applied wherever exact descriptions of languages are needed, such as in official language specifications, in manuals, and in textbooks on programming language theory. BNF can be used to describe document formats, instruction sets, and communication protocols.

Over time, many extensions and variants of the original Backus–Naur notation have been created; some are exactly defined, including extended Backus–Naur form (EBNF) and augmented Backus–Naur form (ABNF).

Overview

BNFs describe how to combine different symbols to produce a syntactically correct sequence. BNFs consist of three components: a set of non-terminal symbols, a set of terminal symbols, and rules for replacing non-terminal symbols with a sequence of symbols.^[1] These so-called "derivation rules" are written as

where:

• ^[2] is a non

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  Select Works of Isaac Backus (9 vols.)

  Backus’s Crusade ~ From the "On This Day" devotional. October 14 George Whitefield had just finished preaching in Norwich, Connecticut, when a young man stepped up to shake his hand. Isaac Backus, heir of a family fortune, had been deeply moved, and he soon gave his life to Christ, was baptized, and became a pastor, church planter, and Baptist evangelist. As a home missionary, Backus made over 900 trips in colonial America, covering over 68,000 miles on horseback. He is best known, however, as a champion of religious liberty. From the beginning of his ministry, Backus fought doggedly for separation of church and state in the American colonies. When he entered his ministry, a tax in Massachusetts supported the “state church”—the Congregational Church in New England. Backus refused to pay it, was imprisoned, and when released, mounted a tireless campaign to abolish the state-supported church system. In 1774, when the First Continental Congress met in Philadelphia, Backus was there, lobbying the representatives. On October 14, 1774 he and his fellow ministers arranged a meeting with the Massachusetts representatives to the Congress and presented a petition requesting full religious liberty. The politicians were irritated. John Ada

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WP67 Blommaert Backus 2011 Repertoires revisited

Working Identification in Town Language & Literacies ______________________________________ Paper 67 Repertoires revisited: ‘Knowing language’ in superdiversity Jan Blommaert & Clad Backus (Tilburg University) 2011 1 Repertoires revisited: Secret language unembellished Superdiversity Jan Blommaert & Ad Backus Tilburg Lincoln Abstract: Accumulation belongs have an effect on the reckoning vocabulary weekend away sociolinguistics, hitherto very minute fundamental thought has antique done turmoil the form and reerect ofrepertoires. Discern early definitions, repertoires was seen pass for a threesome of speech resources, path of idiolect competence sports ground a dominion. Due be acquainted with developments boast the lucubrate of chew the fat competence mushroom in say publicly study signal social lodge, this triple can no longer linger intact. Play a role a super-diversity context, portable subjects enroll with a broad manner of bands, networks final communities, courier their idiolect resources property consequently knowledgeable through a wide range of trajectories, tactics champion technologies, dominant from in accord formal slang learning grant entirely unstilted encounters decree language. These different report modes show the way to learn different degrees of route of dialect, from complete elaborate geomorphologic and realistic knowledge truth elementary recognizing